To make efforts and work hard（努力して励む）

→“I applied myself to studying a foreign language.”

→“You can do it. I know you are smart and talented. You just didn’t have the motivation to apply yourself till now.”

To do something significant that will set a new trend or practice（新しいトレンドや慣習を促すような意義深い事をする）

→“Young farmers are blazing a trail in the rural areas.”

→“Google blazed a trail for other creative minds to follow.”

The rising and falling flow of sounds（上下する音の流れ）

→“The cadences of the music reverberated throughout the courtyard.”

→“The children sang in a chiming cadence.”

Weakness due to illness（病などによる弱化）

→“Debility sometimes plays a part in depression.”

→“He is suffering from mental and physical debility.”

To meet the requirements and successfully take place（必要条項を満たし成功する）

→“This idea of an all-service business consulting firm may fly. Let’s discuss the logistical details.”

→“I’m sorry your plan would not fly.”

To bombard someone with a lot of questions（質問攻めにする）

→“When I come home after 9 pm, my wife grills me about how I spent the evening.”

→“The hardliners are going to grill the president in Congress.”

Refusal to acquiesce or cooperate; someone who engages in such an act（抵抗または非協調、そのような行動をする人）

→“I urge you to stop engaging in such a holdout. You are not accomplishing anything”

→“49 states accepted the federal offer, with Oklahoma being the only holdout.”

To endanger; to expose to risks（危険にさらす）

→“A tuition hike may imperil enrollment.”

→“Technical difficulties will likely imperil the project.”

Freedom from interference when doing something（行動の自由）

→“Parents must give their children lots of leeway to pursue their interests.”

→“The troops are seeking more leeway in the way they carry out the military campaign.”

To interfere and tamper with（干渉する）

→“I don’t appreciate my mother-in-law meddling in the way I run my house.”

→“The government official is suspected of meddling in the local election.”

Lying face down; powerless due to a physical or psychological cause; submissive before a greater authority（うつ伏せの、肉体的または精神的な理由で意気消沈した、権力の前にひれ伏した）

→“The doctor told the patient to lie prostrate on the bed.”

→“When the fans learned about the singer’s death, they were prostrate with shock and grief.”

→“The small nation was totally prostrate before the neighboring empire.”

→“She was in the church, prostrate in prayer.”

Full of something（～で充満している）

→“This essay is replete with anti-war sentiments.”

→“Look at this picture. It is replete with historical significance.”

→“The US presidential election campaign is replete with personal attacks that have little to do with politics.”

Various（さまざまな）

→“She has wide-ranging interests, from music, literature, mathematics, the sciences, to sundry other subjects.”

→“He resigned from his post for sundry reasons.”