A lot of（多数の）

→“Oh, there could be any number of reasons why the experiment failed.”

→“I can do long jump, high jump, sprint, weight lifting and any number of other athletic activities.”

To mark someone for targeted abuse or attack, either physical or psychological; to pressure someone into doing something against their will（いじめる、圧力をかけて本人の意思に反した行動をさせる）

→“I told my son never to take any bullying from anyone.”

→“I quit my previous company because my boss tried to bully me into working on the weekends.”

Lack of union or order（団結や秩序の欠けた状態）

→“The latest economic crisis threw the EU into total disarray.”

→“Republicans are in disarray, not able to present a coherent party platform.”

An expression of happiness at finding the answer or solution（回答や解決策を見つけた時の嬉しさを表す表現）

→“The child had a eureka moment when he opened the exam and saw a question about what he had just learnt the night before.”

→“There she was with her eureka look.”

Unconcerned about the future; defying rules and regulations（先のことを気に掛けない、規則・規定を無視した）

→“Younger people look at me with envy because of my freewheeling lifestyle, but I got plenty of problems of my own.”

→“Government is trying to rein in freewheeling Internet activities.”

To do something completely and thoroughly（何かを完全・徹底にする）

→“The conservative candidate went the whole hog and called for the elimination of all social welfare programs.”

→“I am going the whole hog in defending my family’s honor.”

Bullying of junior members（新メンバーのしごき）

→“Hazing is a big problem in the military as well as in colleges across the nation.”

→“When I joined the school baseball team, I was subjected to humiliating hazing rituals.”

Sensational and shocking（センセーショナルでショッキングな）

→“There was a lurid picture of the crime scene on the front page of the paper.”

→“He described the accident in lurid detail.”

Slightly annoyed or upset（少し気分を害した）

→“I am miffed that you are late.”

→“Why are you sitting there, looking miffed? What happened?”

An elaborate and profuse praise（凝った賞賛）

→“When the audience started throwing panegyric at the singer, she blushed and walked off stage.”

→“Everything the reporter has written about the prime minister has been panegyric.”

Exaggerated words designed to convince others to accept a certain point of view（同意を得るために多少誇張した言い回し）

→“The conservatives are attacking Obama’s healthcare law with the rhetoric of big government.”

→“With an eye on Iran, the politician revived Cold War rhetoric.”

Wise（賢い）

→“The sapient child began to appear in TV quiz shows as a regular.”

→“She looked very sapient as she explained the concept to me.”

Chaos; confusion; mess（混乱、混沌）

→“With the rioters causing trouble every day, the city is in turmoil.”

→“Experts are striving to size up the current economic turmoil against the Great Depression in the 1930s.”

A monitoring agency for the purpose of protecting the rights and interests of affected parties（番犬的な役割をする団体）

→“The environmental watchdog protested the new bill.”

→“Internal discord plagues the labor watchdog.”