To cancel; to nix; to terminate（キャンセルする、取りやめる、解雇・免職する）

→“Because of the snow storm, we had to ax our travel plan.”

→“The government axed the proposed tax cuts.”

→“The Prime Minister is thinking of axing his secretary.”

(As noun) Cancelation; termination（キャンセル、中止、解雇・免職）

→“The ambassador faces the ax for his diplomatic blunder.”

To increase; to empower; to lift（増やす、強化する）

→“The new legislation will boost job creation.”

(As noun) An enforcement; a push（増強、プッシュ）

→“The Olympic games gave a boost to the local economy.”

To complete; to put the finishing touch（完了する）

→“She says she plans to cap her speech with a song.”

→“A major trade agreement capped the Prime Minister’s visit to Pakistan.”

To cover（上に乗せる、カバーする）

→“Mount Fuji is capped with snow.”

To gather in large number（群がる）

→“Asian students are flocking to US universities.”

(As noun) A group of animals, people or things（群れ、群衆、集合体）

→“The pastor and his flock turned out in the village square in protest against the new policy.”

To get tattered; to wear off through rubbing; to chafe; to strain（よれよれにする・なる、弱化する）

→“Your loud talk frays my nerves.”

→“The new trade agreement will repair the frayed ties between the two countries.”

(As noun) A fight; an argument（口論、喧嘩）

→“When he saw the public debate taking place in the park, he joined the fray.”

To put something or somebody in certain condition over time （～な状態に導いて置き去る）

→“Your reply leaves the question unanswered.”

→“The love letter left her smiling.”

→“The authoritarian regime leaves much unsaid about the next in line.”

A fighter; an aggressive person（闘士、攻撃的な人）

→“Militants assaulted the UN base in the mountain area.”

(As adjective) Aggressive; belligerent（攻撃的な、好戦的な）

→“She is a militant environmental activist.”

Authoritarian; decisive and final; urgent（高圧的な、有無を言わせぬ）

→“The policeman spoke to the motorist in a peremptory manner.”

→“Amidst the spreading public unrest, the government issued a peremptory decree for order.”

To reform; to improve by making modern（刷新する、改善する）

→“I am trying to revamp our communication system.”

→“The baseball team revamped its public image.”

An external appearance; an approximation（外見、体裁、類似）

→“When she came home, the living room was a mess, but she quickly put things away and restored a semblance of order.”

→“The primitive village has a semblance of community.”

To encourage and motivate; to activate; to touch off　（動機づける、駆り立てる、駆動する）

→“His new love spurred him to write poems.”

→“The incident spurred a violent reaction among the local residents.”

To challenge; to work on（取り組む、挑む）

→“John raised his hand and volunteered to tackle the problem.”

→“The government is trying to tackle rising inflation.”

To begin to come apart; to gradually fall into pieces（徐々に崩壊していく）

→“The empire unraveled amid spreading corruption and violence.”

To explain a mystery（謎などを解明する）

→“I am trying to unravel how it all happened.”

To compete with someone over something（何かをめぐって競争する）

→“The Democrats and the Republicans vied to win over the voters.”

→“The two children were vying for the mother’s attention during dinner.”

A crowded district or street（混雑した区域）

→“After I unpacked my luggage, I went out and wandered through the warren.”

→“When I first visited Hong Kong, I was lost in the warren of alleys and shacks.”